When the French Revolution erupted in 1789, aristocrats weren’t the only ones who lost their positions of privilege. Their beloved Bichon Frisés—pampered lap dogs who had spent centuries in palaces and townhouses—suddenly found themselves homeless on the streets of France. One by one, their benefactors went to prison or the guillotine, and these little white powder puffs had to fend for themselves.
But the Bichon proved resourceful. Street entertainers noticed their charm, intelligence, and eagerness to please. They trained the dogs to turn somersaults, walk on hind legs, and wave their paws for coins. Within a generation, the former royal lap dog had reinvented itself as a circus star—and eventually, a Westminster Best in Show winner whose signature victory gesture, a two-pawed salute, was a delightful throwback to those street performer days.
Pronounced “BEE-shon free-ZAY” (French for “curly lap dog”), this resilient little companion has survived world wars, revolutions, and the fall of empires by relying on one thing: an irresistible personality that makes it impossible not to smile.
What You’ll Learn
- The remarkable journey from royal courts to circus rings
- Why the Bichon’s “hypoallergenic” reputation needs clarification
- The famous “Bichon Blitz”—and what triggers it
- Health, grooming, and the real cost of that fluffy white coat
- Australian pricing and breeder information
Bichon Frisé Quick Facts
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Breed Group | Non-Sporting / Toy (varies by registry) |
| Origin | Mediterranean (Canary Islands/Spain/France) |
| Other Names | Bichon, Bichon Tenerife, Bichon à Poil Frisé |
| Size Category | Small |
| Height | 24-29 cm (9.5-11.5 inches) |
| Weight | 5-8 kg (12-18 lbs) |
| Lifespan | 14-15 years (some sources: 12-15 years) |
| Coat Type | Double coat — dense undercoat, curly overcoat |
| Colours | White (may have cream, buff, or apricot shadings ≤10%) |
| Shedding | Low — hair caught in undercoat (not hypoallergenic) |
| Exercise Needs | 2/5 (Moderate — 30 mins daily) |
| Trainability | 4/5 (Intelligent, eager to please, tricks come easy) |
| Good with Children | Yes — sturdy for a small breed |
| Average Puppy Price (AUD) | $2,500 – $5,000 |
History of the Bichon Frisé
The Bichon Frisé belongs to an ancient family of Mediterranean “little white dogs” known as Barbichon types—a group that includes the Maltese, Bolognese, and Havanese. While their exact origins remain debated, most historians trace them to the Canary Islands, specifically Tenerife, where they were known as “Bichon Tenerife.”
Spanish and Italian sailors spread these charming little dogs throughout Mediterranean ports during the 13th century, using them as trade goods and companions on long voyages. By the Renaissance, Bichons had captured the hearts of European nobility. King Henry III of France (1574-1589) was so enamored with his Bichons that he carried them in a tray-like basket suspended from ribbons around his neck—a fashion statement the court ladies quickly adopted.
For nearly 300 years, the Bichon lived a life of luxury alongside kings, queens, and aristocrats. They appear in paintings by Francisco de Goya and other renowned artists, immortalized as cherished companions of the elite.
The French Revolution of 1789 changed everything. As aristocrats lost power—and often their heads—their pampered Bichons found themselves homeless. But the breed’s charm, intelligence, and trainability caught the attention of street performers and circus managers. The dogs quickly became staples of entertainment acts across Europe, performing somersaults, walking on hind legs, and waving their paws for coins.
It wasn’t until 1933 that serious efforts began to restore the breed in Belgium and France. Enthusiasts rescued Bichons from circuses and streets, carefully breeding them back to breed standard. That year, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) officially recognized them under the name “Bichon à poil frisé” (Bichon with curly hair), anglicized to Bichon Frisé.
The breed arrived in the United States in 1956 and gained AKC recognition in 1973. In 2001, a Bichon named “JR” became the first of his breed to win Best in Show at Westminster—his signature victory gesture was a two-pawed salute to the crowd, a delightful throwback to those circus performing days.
Bichon Frisé Temperament
The AKC breed standard says it best: “A cheerful attitude is the hallmark of the breed and one should settle for nothing less.” The Bichon Frisé is among the dog world’s great “personality dogs”—gentle, playful, affectionate, and seemingly designed to make people smile.
The Social Butterfly: There’s a famous saying among Bichon lovers: “There are no strangers, just friends they haven’t met yet.” Whether you’re their beloved owner or the delivery driver, the Bichon wants to win your heart. They greet new experiences eagerly and adapt well to various social situations.
The Entertainer: Those circus genes haven’t faded. Bichons love to show off, learn tricks with ease, and seem genuinely delighted when they make their humans laugh. They’re natural performers who thrive on attention and positive reinforcement.
The Velcro Dog: Bichons bond deeply with their families and hate being alone. This breed commonly suffers from separation anxiety when left for long periods. They’re not suitable for households where everyone works full-time away from home. A lonely Bichon becomes a destructive, anxious Bichon.
The Alert Watchdog: Despite their small size, Bichons make surprisingly good alert dogs. They’ll announce visitors with a bark, though they’re not excessive barkers by nature. Once they’ve alerted you, they’ll probably try to befriend whoever arrived.
Every Bichon owner knows the “Bichon Blitz”—sudden, explosive bursts of energy where the dog tears around the house at high speed, leaping over furniture, growling, barking, and spinning like a furry white tornado. Veterinarians call these “Frenetic Random Activity Periods” (FRAPs), but Bichon owners have their own term because this breed is particularly famous for them.
A Blitz typically lasts a few minutes, after which the dog collapses for a well-earned rest. They’re most common in puppies and young dogs but continue into senior years. If your Bichon Blitzes frequently in the evenings, it may signal they need more activity during the day.
Bichons are sturdier than many toy breeds, making them better suited for families with children—though supervision is always wise. They generally get along well with other dogs and can coexist peacefully with cats. Their patient, gentle nature makes them excellent therapy and emotional support animals.
Bichon Frisé Common Health Issues
According to the Bichon Frise Club of America’s health survey, the breed is “recognized as being reasonably healthy”—but like all purebreds, they have predispositions to certain conditions. Understanding these helps you prevent problems and catch issues early.
Skin and allergy problems top the list of Bichon health concerns. These can be triggered by environmental factors (pollen, dust mites, mould), food sensitivities, or flea allergies. Symptoms include excessive scratching, redness, ear infections, and coat staining from excessive licking. Management often involves identifying triggers, dietary adjustments, and sometimes medication.
Bichons are prone to developing bladder stones (calcium oxalate, struvite, or other types), which can cause bloody urine, strong odour, or straining to urinate. Ensure your Bichon has constant access to fresh water, and consider a diet formulated for urinary health if your vet recommends it. Collect a fresh urine sample for each annual vet visit to check pH and crystal formation.
Like most small breeds, Bichons are highly susceptible to dental problems—gingivitis, tartar buildup, and early tooth loss. Their small mouths lead to overcrowded teeth. The Bichon Frise Club of America warns that dental disease can lead to infections affecting the bladder, kidneys, and other organs. Professional scaling at least once yearly (twice as they age) is recommended.
Patellar Luxation: The kneecap slipping out of place is common in small breeds. Severity ranges from occasional limping to surgical cases.
Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease: The femoral head deteriorates, leading to hip joint erosion and arthritis. Usually appears in young dogs.
Cataracts (can be hereditary, appearing as early as 6 months), corneal dystrophy, and dry eye are all seen in the breed. Annual eye exams can catch problems early. The RSPCA Australia recommends choosing breeders who screen for hereditary eye conditions.
Other Conditions to Monitor:
- Diabetes (Bichons have elevated risk)
- Cushing’s Disease (overactive adrenal glands)
- Heart problems (leading cause of death in senior Bichons)
- Ear infections (floppy ears trap moisture)
- Hypothyroidism
Bichon Frisé Lifespan & Longevity Tips
Bichon Frisés enjoy impressive longevity, typically living 14-15 years—with many reaching their late teens with proper care. This makes them one of the longer-lived breeds, outlasting many similarly-sized dogs.
Tips for a Longer, Healthier Life:
- Purchase from breeders who screen for hereditary conditions
- Maintain rigorous dental care—brush teeth regularly, professional cleaning annually
- Prevent obesity—it worsens joint, heart, and metabolic issues
- Provide constant access to fresh water (prevents bladder stones)
- Keep skin and coat healthy through proper grooming
- Monitor for allergy symptoms and address early
- Regular vet checkups, especially for seniors (every 6 months)
Bichon Frisé Grooming Guide
Let’s be direct: the Bichon Frisé requires significant grooming. That beautiful powder-puff coat doesn’t maintain itself, and if you’re not prepared to invest time and money into grooming, this isn’t the breed for you.
The Bichon has a dense, soft undercoat and a curly, coarser outer coat that gives the breed its distinctive “powder puff” appearance. Importantly, the coat is low-shedding—hair that would normally fall out gets trapped in the undercoat instead. This is why Bichons need regular brushing: without it, the trapped hair mats badly.
Bichons are often marketed as “hypoallergenic,” but this needs clarification. No dog is truly hypoallergenic. It’s dander (skin flakes), saliva, and urine that trigger allergies—not fur. Because Bichons shed less, there’s less dander circulating in your home, which may reduce allergic reactions for some people. However, they still produce allergens. If you have allergies, spend time with Bichons before committing to ownership.
Those reddish-brown streaks beneath a Bichon’s eyes are tear stains—a common cosmetic concern in white-coated breeds. They’re caused by pigments in tears, and while usually harmless, they can sometimes indicate eye conditions or allergies. Daily wiping, keeping facial hair trimmed, and addressing any underlying health issues can minimize staining.
Grooming Schedule
| Task | Frequency | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Brushing | Daily (minimum every 2 days) | Prevents matting; use slicker brush & comb |
| Bathing | Monthly (or as needed) | Quality shampoo + conditioner for white coats |
| Professional Grooming | Every 4-6 weeks | Essential for maintaining coat shape |
| Nail Trimming | Every 2-3 weeks | Small dogs need frequent trims |
| Ear Cleaning | Weekly | Floppy ears prone to infections |
| Teeth Brushing | Daily (minimum 2-3x weekly) | Critical — breed prone to dental disease |
| Eye Cleaning/Tear Stains | Daily | Prevents reddish-brown staining on white fur |
Bichon Frisé Exercise Needs
Good news for apartment dwellers: Bichons have moderate exercise needs. Two 15-minute walks daily plus some indoor play is typically sufficient. They’re energetic but tire relatively quickly due to their small size.
Exercise Guidelines:
- 30 minutes of activity daily (walks, play, or training)
- Short walks preferred over long hikes
- Indoor play counts—especially during the “Bichon Blitz”
- Mental stimulation through tricks and puzzles is as important as physical exercise
- They can jog short distances if well-conditioned
- Heat-sensitive—avoid vigorous exercise in hot weather
The Bichon’s exercise needs are well-suited to urban living and make them appropriate for less active owners, including seniors. Their adaptable nature suits both apartment life and larger homes.
Bichon Frisé Training Tips
The Bichon Frisé is intelligent, eager to please, and loves learning tricks—those circus genes remain strong. They respond beautifully to positive reinforcement and can master impressive behaviours with patience and consistency.
- Highly food-motivated—treats work wonderfully
- Love performing and showing off learned behaviours
- Intelligent and quick learners
- Respond well to praise and affection
- Excel in obedience, agility, and rally competition
- Housetraining can be difficult (like many small breeds)
- Can be stubborn if bored or if training is repetitive
- Sensitive to harsh corrections—these damage trust
- May be difficult to recall once loose (they’re fast!)
Bichons are notoriously challenging to housetrain—this is the breed’s biggest training weakness. Patience, consistency, and a strict schedule are essential. Some owners use indoor potty options or dog doors with success. Don’t expect perfection before 6-12 months of age.
Socialisation & Training Timeline
| Age | Training Focus | Expected Outcomes |
|---|---|---|
| 8-16 weeks | Socialisation, positive exposures, housetraining begins | Confident temperament, understands routine |
| 3-6 months | Basic obedience, recall training, crate training | Reliable sit/stay, progressing on housetraining |
| 6-12 months | Trick training, manners, leash skills | Multiple tricks, polite greeting behaviour |
| 1+ years | Advanced tricks, dog sports, continued training | Reliable companion, possible competition dog |
Bichon Frisé Price & Costs in Australia
Bichon Frisés are popular in Australia, so finding a puppy is generally easier than with rare breeds. However, popularity also means higher prices and the risk of puppy farms—buyer beware.
Finding Your Bichon Frisé: Locate registered breeders through Dogs Australia or the Bichon Frise Club (state branches). Ask breeders about health clearances, pedigrees, and parent temperaments. Avoid pet stores and online sellers who can’t show you the puppy’s parents and living conditions.
Initial Costs
| Expense | Approx. Cost (AUD) |
|---|---|
| Bichon Frisé Puppy | $2,500 – $5,000 |
| Initial Vet + Vaccinations | $200 – $350 |
| Desexing | $200 – $400 |
| Essential Supplies | $200 – $400 |
| Professional Grooming Setup (first visit) | $80 – $120 |
| TOTAL INITIAL COST | $3,180 – $6,270 |
Annual Ongoing Costs
| Expense Category | Annual Cost (AUD) |
|---|---|
| Premium Food | $600 – $900 |
| Veterinary Care & Preventatives | $300 – $600 |
| Pet Insurance | $400 – $900 |
| Professional Grooming (every 4-6 weeks) | $800 – $1,500 |
| Dental Care (professional cleaning) | $300 – $600 |
| Grooming Supplies | $100 – $200 |
| Toys, Treats, Miscellaneous | $150 – $300 |
| TOTAL ANNUAL COST | $2,650 – $5,000 |
Lifetime Cost Estimate
Based on 15-year lifespan: $40,000 – $80,000
Note: Grooming costs are significant for this breed. Budget accordingly or learn to groom at home (though professional grooming is still recommended periodically).
Is a Bichon Frisé Right for You?
The ideal Bichon owner wants a cheerful, affectionate companion who’ll be a constant presence in their life. They’re home frequently (or can bring the dog to work), enjoy grooming as bonding time rather than a chore, and appreciate a dog who’s always ready to perform for praise. They have the patience for housetraining challenges and the budget for regular professional grooming.
Home Size: Excellent for apartments and small spaces
Yard: Not essential—walks and indoor play suffice
Climate: Adaptable; avoid extreme heat
Work Schedule: Not suitable for full-time workers away all day
Family: Great with children (supervised), seniors, singles, couples
- First-time dog owners (despite housetraining challenges)
- Apartment dwellers
- Seniors seeking a cheerful companion
- Families with older children
- Those who work from home
- People who enjoy grooming and primping their pet
- Anyone seeking a therapy or emotional support dog
❌ Those away from home for long hours regularly
❌ Anyone unwilling to commit to significant grooming
❌ People seeking a low-maintenance pet
❌ Those wanting a guard dog or outdoor-only dog
❌ Anyone with severe dog allergies (test first!)
Bichon Frisé vs Similar Breeds
| Aspect | Bichon Frisé | Maltese | Havanese |
|---|---|---|---|
| Size | 5-8 kg | 2-4 kg | 3-6 kg |
| Coat | Curly, powder-puff | Long, silky, straight | Long, wavy/curly |
| Grooming | Very High | High | High |
| With Children | Good (sturdier) | Fragile | Good |
| Exercise | Moderate | Low | Moderate |
| Lifespan | 14-15 years | 12-15 years | 14-16 years |
The Bichon Frisé is a survivor—a breed that went from royal palaces to street corners and back to loving homes without ever losing its cheerful spirit. That resilience, combined with undeniable charm and an eagerness to please, has made them one of the most beloved companion breeds in the world.
Perfect for: Anyone seeking a cheerful, affectionate companion dog who’ll be a constant presence in their life. Ideal for apartment dwellers, seniors, families with older children, and first-time owners who have time to dedicate to grooming and companionship.
Think twice if: You’re away from home frequently, unwilling to commit to regular grooming, or seeking a low-maintenance pet. The Bichon’s biggest challenges—separation anxiety, grooming needs, and housetraining difficulties—require dedicated owners.
First-time owner verdict: The Bichon Frisé is often recommended for first-time owners due to their adaptable nature, manageable size, and forgiving temperament. Just be prepared for the grooming commitment and patient housetraining process. If you’re home regularly and enjoy a dog who wants nothing more than to make you smile, the Bichon is an excellent choice.
Bichon Frisé FAQs
How do you pronounce Bichon Frisé?
Bichon Frisé is pronounced “BEE-shon free-ZAY.” It’s French for “curly lap dog.” The plural is “Bichons Frisés” (the ‘s’ is silent in French).
Are Bichon Frisés hypoallergenic?
Not truly. No dog is completely hypoallergenic. Bichons produce less dander because they shed minimally, which may reduce allergic reactions for some people. However, they still produce allergens in their skin, saliva, and urine. If you have allergies, spend time with Bichons before committing to ownership.
How long do Bichon Frisés live?
Bichon Frisés typically live 14-15 years, making them one of the longer-lived breeds. With excellent care, some reach their late teens.
Do Bichon Frisés shed?
Bichons shed minimally. Their loose hair gets caught in the undercoat rather than falling onto your furniture. This is why daily brushing is essential—without it, the trapped hair mats badly.
Are Bichon Frisés good with children?
Yes. Bichons are sturdier than many toy breeds and have patient, gentle temperaments. They’re generally excellent with children, though interactions should be supervised to ensure the dog isn’t accidentally hurt or overwhelmed.
What is the “Bichon Blitz”?
The Bichon Blitz (or Bichon Buzz) is a sudden burst of frantic energy where the dog tears around the house at high speed, often growling, barking, and leaping over furniture. It’s the Bichon’s version of “zoomies” and is completely normal—usually lasting just a few minutes before the dog collapses for a rest.
Are Bichon Frisés hard to housetrain?
Unfortunately, yes. Bichons are notoriously challenging to housetrain—this is the breed’s most common complaint. Patience, consistency, and a strict schedule are essential. Many owners don’t see reliable housetraining until 6-12 months of age.
How much does a Bichon Frisé cost in Australia?
Expect to pay $2,500-$5,000 AUD for a well-bred Bichon Frisé puppy from a registered breeder. Ongoing costs (especially professional grooming) are significant—budget $2,650-$5,000 annually.
Primary Sources:
- AKC — “Bichon Frise History: From Royal Companion to Family Favorite”
- AKC — “JR” Westminster 2001 Best in Show, two-pawed salute
- AKC Bichon Frisé Breed Standard; Bichon Frise Club of America
- FCI Breed Standard; Wikipedia — Bichon Frisé origins
- AKC — King Henry III carrying Bichons in basket
- FCI Official Recognition 1933; Bichon Frise Club of America History
- AKC — JR Westminster Best in Show 2001
Health & Care Sources:
- AKC Breed Standard — “Cheerful attitude is the hallmark”
- Bichon World — “Bichon Blitz and Buzz”; Orvis — FRAPs
- Bichon Frise Club of America Health Survey
- PetMD — Bichon Frise Health and Care: petmd.com
- RSPCA Australia — Breeding guidelines: rspca.org.au
- AKC — Bichon Frise lifespan 14-15 years
- PetMD — Hypoallergenic clarification
Australian-Specific Sources:
- American Kennel Club — Exercise and apartment suitability: akc.org
- Dogs Australia — Breeder directory: dogsaustralia.org.au